New research reveals that thrushes, once thought to be luxury food for Rome’s elite, were commonly eaten by ordinary citizens in fast-food shops known as tabernae.
Archaeologist Alejandro Valenzuela made the discovery in a first-century cesspit in Pollentia, Mallorca, where bones of thrushes and other animals were found near the remains of an ancient food stall.
The finding challenges long-held beliefs about Roman dietary class distinctions and highlights how street food was accessible, diverse, and resourceful.
Valenzuela explained that thrushes were likely pan-fried and served with vinegar, herbs, spices, and garum, a fermented fish sauce.
The birds were typically sold in bundles and eaten quickly, reflecting the convenience-focused nature of Roman urban life.
The study also shows that Romans consumed nearly all parts of animals, including heads and feet, with pork being especially dominant.
The findings offer a deeper understanding of Roman food culture, where fast meals were both affordable and varied, unlike modern fast food.
